نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 گروه پترولوژی، پژوهشکده علوم زمین، سازمان زمین‌شناسی اکتشافات معدنی کشور، تهران، ایران
2 گروه پترولوژی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
چکیده
آتشفشان تفتان طی میوسن تا کواترنری فعالیت ماگمایی گسترده ای در بالای منطقه فرورانش مکران داشته است. ترکیب گدازه ها و سنگ های آذرآواری تفتان آندزیت‌بازالتی، آندزیت، تراکی‌آندزیت و داسیت هستند. قطعات سنگی بازیک - حدواسط در خمیره فلسیک و فنوکریست پلاژیوکلاز با بافت غربالی، منطقه بندی و حاشیه انحلالی از شواهد اختلاط ماگمایی در سنگ های تفتان هستند. سنگ‌های آتشفشانی تفتان با ماهیت کالک آلکالن پتاسیم بالا تا کالک آلکالن، دارای غنی‌شدگی از LREE و LILE به ترتیب در برابر HREE و HFSE هستند. افزون بر این وجود تهی شدگی آشکار از عناصر HFSE (مانند Nb ،Ta و Ti) تشکیل آنها در کمان آتشفشانی مرتبط با فرورانش را تأیید می‌کند. سنگ های بازالتی تفتان از ذوب‌بخشی حدود 15 درصدی گوشته اسپینل لرزولیتی پدید آمده اند. انطباق الگوهای توزیع عناصر کمیاب سنگ های آتشفشانی تفتان با ترکیب پوسته قاره ای بالایی و غنی شدگی از Pb ،Th ،U و Rb، هضم مواد پوسته ای و فرایندهای AFC در ماگمای اولیه تفتان را نشان می دهند. بر اساس نتایج سن سنجی ایزوتوپی موجود، به‌نظر می رسد که بزمان و کوه‌سلطان، جوان ترین آتشفشان های کمان ماگمایی مکران- چگای هستند. مقایسه ویژگی های سنگی و ژئوشیمیایی سه آتشفشان بزمان، تفتان و کوه سلطان، نشانگر افزایش ستبرای پوسته در زیر آتشفشان تفتان و آلایش پوسته ای بیشتر طی مسیر به سطح در سنگ های تفتان است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات
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